Factors that cause shift in demand curve Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Factors that cause shift in demand curve - Essay Example When the price of the bread increases to $70, the quantity demanded as a result decreases to 6 million or where the price decreases to $50 from $40 then the quantity demanded increases to 10 million. This phenomenon can be said to be the movement along the demand curve. The reason for the shift of the demand curve is due to the change in factors other than that of price, such as the change in price of the related goods, income of the consumer or preference of the consumer etc. An increase of decrease in these factors can shift the demand curve on either side as the price will remain the same. Two goods are said to be the substitute of each other when the price of one of the item causes the price of the other item to rise simultaneously or the goods are such identical to each other that a normal consumer may switch to the other good when the price of the prior rises. The customer expectation that the price of a good may increase of decrease can have affect on the demand curve as due t o the expected increase in price. The customer will tend to purchase and stock the particular good before the price rises and vice versa may happen when there is a possibility of decrease in price. The change in income of a consumer is one of the basic causes of the shift in the demand curve. When the income of the consumer increases he will switch to more luxury goods as compared to the normal goods, because of the increase in his purchasing power which provides a better margin to purchase more of a good.

Analysis of Marrysong Dennis Scott Essay Example for Free

Analysis of Marrysong Dennis Scott Essay Then Scott having to ‘chart’ – suggesting the creation of a map in order to discover his wife, this emphasises the exploration of this ‘new-found-land’. The poem suggests an unsure attitude, as we see in the first line, ‘year after year’ we don’t know whether this suggest a long, drawn out relationship that could become dull, or whether this means he is happy, and the year after year suggests commitment. Time takes a prominent role in the poem, with what is described as ‘year after year’ is then shortened to passing ‘seasons’ then shrunk still to an ‘hour’ until the shifting of moods becomes sudden, ‘suddenly she would change’. This suggests confusion within the relationship for Scott, as the changing of her attitudes becomes unexplainable and undetectable. This unpredictability leads us to the point of the heavy use of ‘enjambment’ in the first five lines, painting a vivid picture of uncertainty for Scott; conversely, as the poem progresses, we see a much more structured approach. On the contrary, the poem as a whole is generally lacking in structure. The constant use of caesurae, which breaks lines using pauses, denoted by commas and full stops. Also, the stutter of ‘[a]ll, all’’ disrupts the flow of the poem much like the punctuation mentioned. This disruptiveness also contributes to the uncertainty of Scott within the marriage. However, as we approach the concluding lines of the poem Scott evokes a discovery of certainty. He says ‘accepting her geography’ and stating that he ‘wondered’ which maybe suggests that he has no need to wander anymore. This final couplet also features a rhyming final two lines, which suggests stability and an atmosphere of certainty. The oxymoronic use of ‘jaunty helpless journey’ suggest that Scott is at his lover’s mercy; this is significant, as the whole poem conveys the idea that the woman dominates the relationship, and that Scott is exploring her and trying to figure her out. At the beginning of the poem we see that Scott says that she is under control by saying ‘under his eye’, this oxymoron features near to the end of the poem and, with numerous time frames being described in the lines between these two phrases, seems to suggest that after all this time he still has not been able to work her out or even gain control of their relationship. Conversely, this contrasts with the following two lines in which Scott is stated to have figured her out ‘find his way among the landscapes of her mind’. The fourth line, ‘in the walled anger of her quarried hurt’ takes a prominent role within the poem. The use of ‘walled’ and ‘quarried’ suggests an inescapable ‘territory’ into which Scott seems to be stuck. ‘Quarried’ also suggests that Scott is trying to unearth her personality, with ‘walled’ being the defensive behavior with which he does this. Love is a dangerous unreliable territory seems to be one of the main themes evoked by the poem. We see that Scott is continuously trying to gain power in the relationship. This seems to be unobtainable throughout the poem, however the title in itself reveals a childlike innocence about Scott; ‘Marrysong’ isn’t really a word, and sounds like a word a child would make up. It also evokes the bewildering nature of love and the complexity of marriage. Ovid: Ars Amatoria 1. 469-78 states that ‘dura tamen saxa’ (nonetheless, hard rocks) ‘molii cavantur aqua’ (are hollowed out by soft water). At one stage of the poem Scott states that one can see ‘cool water laughing where the day before there were stones in her voice’ – Scott maybe saying that the water hollowed out the rocks and overcame the rocks to make way for love. Furthermore, in relation to territory, Ovid states that ‘capta vides Pergama sero capita tamen’ (You can see that Troy was captured after a long delay, but she was captured in the end) relating to Scott claiming that his lover’s logic is like a territory needing to be explored, and the references of time relate to Ovid stating that Troy was captured ‘after a while’.

Who Jesus is for you :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jesus was raised in Nazareth in the home of Joseph, a carpenter, and his wife Mary. Jesus most likely went to school in a room attached to the synagogue. He was a faithful Jew and followed all the Jewish customs. Jesus was a human being. God took on a human form in Jesus in order to live life like we do. God ‘s love for us is unconditional and infinite. To communicate with us in a personnel way like we do with our friends and family, there was no better way for God to be with us than for God to become one of us. Jesus walked along the same roadways and experienced the same trials and tribulations as other people. Accepting Jesus as fully human is as important as accepting him as fully divine. Jesus experienced stress, anger, frustration and loneliness but he chose never to respond sinfully to these experiences. Given the choice between popularity and telling people the truth, he chose the path that ultimately turned people against him and led to his death.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jesus is a role model for me. Like Jesus I have been baptized in the faith. I was baptized as an infant whereas Jesus was baptized by his cousin John the Baptist when he was about thirty years old. During his life Jesus was tempted in the desert by the devil three times to give up his complete dependence on God and accept the easy forms of power the devil offered. Jesus resisted for he knew that only his faith in God would give him the power. As I grow up many times I am tempted to do the wrong things. Doing the wrong thing is sometimes easier than doing what is right. Understanding that Jesus also faced these obstacles and that prayer can help you resist in these tough situations in life is reassuring to me.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jesus taught his disciples and us how to pray. He taught people to pray simply and trustingly to God as father, without trying to impress God with fancy language. Through Jesus I learned to talk to God like a son does to his father; to say what is in your heart, to ask for guidance when you need to make tough decisions. Jesus has taught me to be thankful for all the blessing I have in life. Blessing are not necessarily being rich in material goods. But being rich in the things that matter most like the love and respect of family and friends.

The Cast of Amontillado Vs The Tell Tale Heart by Edgar Alan Poe

The Cask of Amontillado and The Tell Tale Heart are stories written by Edgar Alan Poe. In those stories we have evidence of two different ways to be killed, one of them with irony to consciously accept to go down your final destiny and the other one with surprise at night while sleeping in your bed. Both murderers killed their victims, and told us in a first person narrative how and why they committed the murders. However, should we believe everything they said about what happened in the stories? In order to have a better picture we need to break down the facts of the murderers (Montresour and The Narrator).Montresour studied his victim before the act, while the Narrator waited for the easy chance to kill. Montresour planned a trick to hide his emotions until the end while the Narrator was a slave of what he was feeling. In both crimes there was a point when everything tended to change; Montresour could take care of that unexpected event while the Narrator lost control of his mind an d jumped to kill his victim. In essence, there are two murderers who planned their crimes in a very different way and their emotions played the crucial position, showing what really happened.First of all, Montresour had a deep hate for his victim (he with stood thousands of injuries without any complaint) while the Narrator loved his victim yet hated his evil and pale eye. As you can see in The Cask of Amontillado, â€Å"He had a weak point this Fortunato-although in other regards he was a man to be respected and even feared. He prided himself on his connoisseurship in wine. † Through this quote we can see that Montresour already had studied his victim. He knew that he had to be careful with Fortunato’s power, and he had to take advantage of his sky high vanity of knowing a lot of wines.On the other hand, in the Tell Tale Heart the Narrator had trouble defining why exactly he wanted to kill the old man. When he did it, he realized it was only for his eye and once he kn ew it he couldn’t stop desiring it. As a result, I think Montresour took the time to control his emotions, so when the time of the crime came, he could trick his victim. While the Narrator let his emotions run, which blinded his actions and left loose ends. Montresour felt the hate, and then he planned his revenge.While he was executing his plan he contained his excitement until the end. The Narrator was a slave to his emotions, and he went on doing what he was feeling. Montresour could trick Fortunato, because he never showed his feelings, he allowed Fortunato to come back all the time, making believe they were â€Å"friends†. He hooked Fortunato due to his vanity, â€Å"I am on my way to Luchesi†, that stubborn feeling of supremacy of knowing a lot about wines made Fortunato felt to the trap, he needed to taste that cask of amontillado no matter what.On the other hand, the Narrator thought his feelings can give him the strength to do things right. The easily p osition of his victim made him forget to use his head. At this point, we have two murderers with their victims at their scope, waiting for the dead. The resignation and denial that the victims felt, plus that grief and panic of knowing the end was near make the victims react, and that made the murderers act in different ways. When Fortunato was already trapped in the tomb fooled and realizing he was going to die, he made his last joke showing that he wasn’t affected at all.â€Å"But now there came from out the niche a low laugh that erected the hairs upon my head†, Montresour said. That was something he didn’t expected, for one moment in all the crime he felt fear. He hurriedly kept going and closed the tomb. On the other hand, the old man heard a noise; he knew somebody was looking at him that night, bur he stayed petrified in his bed. That was the trigger for the Narrator. It was an uncontrollable excitement, feeling his victim in waiting and helpless. There w asn’t a way back.The Narrator’s heart was going to burst and he thought some neighbors could hear the noise and call the police. He didn’t want to be caught so he finally jumped and killed the old man. Therefore, as you can see in both stories, emotions played the most important role in their crimes. What the killers felt helps to clarify and understand what really was happening. Montresour knew his victim and took the time to control his feelings against Fortunato. Then he planned and found the way to trick him.Even with the unexpected reaction at the end he kept going accordingly what he planned and closed the tomb with hurry. The Narrator was tempted by a deep hate that the old man’s eye produced for him. He took advantage of the closeness and helplessness of his victim and decided to let his angry run exposing himself to that excitement until death, and in the end his uncontrollable emotions made him confess the crime. In conclusion, you will never hi de completely your feelings, it doesn’t matter how clever or dumb you are, emotions always are going to find a way out.

A Remake Play of Oedipus Essay

Oedipus Rex has always been one of the most intriguing and interesting plays that William Shakespeare has ever written. By combining a tragic with complex plots, the legendary playwright was able to establish himself as a classic poet known for psychological tragedies. A modern version of Shakespeare’s plays always produces an equally intriguing curiosity from contemporary audiences. Setting and Milieu If given a chance to produce a remake of this play, I would prefer transforming this play to a modern one. This method would provide the audiences a much convenient way of absorbing the message of the story. By means of using the present and commonly used language, audiences can easily relate with the events pertaining to the story of Oedipus. The lyrical and archaic lines would have to be dropped to achieve modernity and represent a younger generation. It would be set in present New York where the busiest streets and cities can be found. Characterization Since this is a modern remake of the original Oedipus Rex, King Laius and Queen Jocasta would be an overly superstitious couple who reigns in the city of New York as the state’s richest business tycoons. It is still the same plot, though. Fortune-tellers warned of a son who would later murder his father and marry his mother. A high school teacher who saw him abandoned in the woods near the school would raise Oedipus. He would grow up as an educated man who fights for what he believes is right. All of the original characters would be transformed into other characters which can represent the present time and eliminate the Shakespearean era of the story. It would be entirely based on modern events. Props and Prosthetics Clearly, the characters would be using casual clothing which is common to what they represent. The character of Oedipus is most likely to wear plain and casual clothes while Laius and Jocasta are more fitting to wear highly corporate attires. Masks are definitely out of the picture and the facial expressions and gestures would solely rely on the actors’ skills in acting. Stage props include various equipment and tools which are necessary to the backdrop of each scene. It would include materials which can produce a picture of living room, streets, bedroom, and other equipment necessary. Conclusion Modern versions are not always as successful as the original. However, creating a contemporary remake of something very classic is always convenient for audiences who seek to understand more about a specific classic. Language and differences in poetry interpretation are always a major hindrance in achieving the primary message of a certain literature; but if a person wants to understand the deeper meaning of that classic, it is always productive to turn into modern remakes. They give easy-to-understand insights which are simplified versions of the originals.

Cobalt essays

Cobalt essays Cobalt is a brittle, hard, transition metal with magnetic properties similar to those of iron. Cobalt is present in meteorites. Main Ore deposits in the world are found in Zaire, Morocco and Canada. Cobalt-60 (60Co) is an artificially produced isotope used as a source of g rays (high energy radiation). Cobalt salts colour glass a beautiful deep blue colour. Cobalt was discovered in 1735 by the Swedish chemist George Brandt. It has a relatively low strength and little ductility at normal temperatures, but is ductile at high temperatures. Cobalt melts at about 1495Â ° C (about 2723Â ° F), boils at about 2870Â ° C (about 5198Â ° F), and has a relative density of 89km/m cubed; the atomic weight of cobalt is 58.933. Cobalt is a Metal in the periodic table; it is number 27 on the list. It is not abundant and its a transition metal. It is 30th in order by weight and is widely distributed in the earth but only in small amounts. It is found in the earths crust at 29ppm (parts per million) but traces of it are found in the sea and fresh water. Cobalt is mined throughout the world. In 1980 32700 tonnes of cobalt was mined. Zaire was the main producer than Australia. In Australia Cobalt ores are found in WA, NSW, QLD and Tasmania. Cobaltite is the name of the ore that cobalt is found in and in Australia cobaltite is found in Ravensthorpe in WA and at Mt. Cobalt in Central Western Queensland. Cobaltite is found with Nickel, copper and Lead. Those two areas are the main Australian Producers of cobalt. Western Mining Corporation produces cobalt concentrate at Kwinana Nickel Refinery, in WA. Cobalt is found in low-grade ore; therefore small amounts of cobalt must be separated from large amounts of waste. Depending on the minerals in the ore different methods of extraction are used. To obtain cobalt you must first roast the cobaltite to change the cobalt to Cobalt Oxide (CoO) then the cobalt is freed from oxide by heating it wi ...

Historiographic Metafiction Essay Example

Historiographic Metafiction Essay Example Historiographic Metafiction Essay Historiographic Metafiction Essay Essay Topic: Absalom Absalom Don Quixote Book I Dostoevsky Jorge Borges Short Stories Kurt Vonnegut Short Stories Slaughterhouse Five Song of Solomon The frontiers of a book are neer distinct: beyond the rubric. the first lines. and the last full-stop. beyond its internal constellation and its independent signifier. it is caught up in a system of mentions to other books. other texts. other sentences: it is a node within a web. -Foucault What we tend to name postmodernism in literature today is normally characterized by intense self-reflexivity and overtly parodic intertextuality. In fiction this means that it is normally metafiction that is equated with the postmodern. Given the scarceness of precise definitions of this debatable period appellation. such an equation is frequently accepted without inquiry. What I would wish to reason is that. in the involvements of preciseness and consistence. we must add something else to this definition: an every bit self-aware dimension of history. My theoretical account here is postmodern architecture. that resolutely parodic remembering of the history of architectural signifiers and maps. The subject of the 1980 Venice Biennale. which introduced postmodernism to the architectural universe. was The Presence of the Past. The term postmodernism. when used in fiction. should. by analogy. best be reserved to depict fiction that is at one time metafictional and historical in its reverberations of the texts and contexts of the yesteryear. In order to separate this self-contradictory animal from traditional historical fiction. I would wish to label it historiographic metafiction. The class of novel I am believing of includes One Hundred Old ages of Solitude. Ragtime. The Gallic Lieutenant’s Woman. and The Name of the Rose. All of these are popular and familiar novels whose metafictional self-reflexivity ( and intertextuality ) renders their inexplicit claims to historical veracity slightly debatable. to state the least. 3 LINDA HUTCHEON In the aftermath of recent assaults by literary and philosophical theory on modernist formalist closing. postmodern American fiction. in peculiar. has sought to open itself up to history. to what Edward Said ( The World ) calls the world. But it seems to hold found that it can no longer do so in any guiltless manner: the certainty of direct mention of the historical novel or even the nonfictional novel is gone. So is the certainty of self-reference implied in the Borgesian claim that both literature and the universe are every bit assumed worlds. The postmodern relationship between fiction and history is an even more complex one of interaction and common deduction. Historiographic metafiction works to locate itself within historical discourse without give uping its liberty as fiction. And it is a sort of earnestly dry lampoon that effects both purposes: the intertexts of history and fiction take on analogue ( though non equal ) position in the parodic reworking of the textual yesteryear of both the world and literature. The textual incorporation of these intertextual yesteryear ( s ) as a constituent structural component of postmodernist fiction maps as a formal marker of historicity-both literary and worldly. At first glimpse it would look that it is merely its changeless dry signaling of difference at the very bosom of similarity that distinguishes postmodern lampoon from medieval and Renaissance imitation ( see Greene 17 ) . For Dante. as for E. L. Doctorow. the texts of literature and those of history are every bit just game. Nevertheless. a differentiation should be made: Traditionally. narratives were stolen. as Chaucer stole his ; or they were felt to be the common belongings of a civilization or community †¦ These noteworthy occurrences. imagined or existent. put outside linguistic communication the manner history itself is supposed to. in a status of pure occurrence ( Gass 147 ) . Today. there is a return to the thought of a common dianoetic property in the embedding of both literary and historical texts in fiction. but it is a return made debatable by overtly metafictional averments of both history and literature as human concepts. so. as human illusions-necessary. but none the less illusive for all that. The intertextual lampoon of historiographic metafiction enacts. in a manner. the positions of certain modern-day historians ( see Canary and Kozicki ) : it offers a sense of the presence of the past. but this is a past that can merely be known from its texts. its traces-be they literary or historical. Clearly. so. what I want to name postmodernism is a self-contradictory cultural phenomenon. and it is besides one that operates across many traditional subjects. In modern-day theoretical discourse. for case. we find enigmatic contradictions: those consummate denials of command. totalising negations of totalization. uninterrupted attest4 HISTORIOGRAPHIC METAFICTION ings of discontinuity. In the postmodern novel the conventions of both fiction and historiography are at the same time used and abused. installed and subverted. asserted and denied. And the dual ( literary/historical ) nature of this intertextual lampoon is one of the major agencies by which this paradoxical ( and specifying ) nature of postmodernism is textually inscribed. Possibly one of the grounds why there has been such het argument on the definition of postmodernism late is that the deductions of the doubleness of this parodic procedure have non been to the full examined. Novels like The Book of Daniel or The Public Burning-whatever their complex intertextual layering-can surely non be said to shun history. any more than they can be said to disregard either their moorages in societal world ( see Graff 209 ) or a clear political purpose ( see Eagleton 61 ) . Historiographic metafiction manages to fulfill such a desire for worldly anchoring piece at the same clip questioning the very footing of the authorization of that anchoring. As David Lodge has put it. postmodernism short-circuits the spread between text and universe ( 239-4 0 ) . Discussions of postmodernism seem more prone than most to confounding self-contradictions. once more possibly because of the self-contradictory nature of the topic itself. Charles Newman. for case. in his provocative book The Post-Modern Aura. Begins by specifying postmodern art as a commentary on the aesthetic history of whatever genre it adopts ( 44 ) . This would. so. be art which sees history merely in aesthetic footings ( 57 ) . However. when contending an American version of postmodernism. he abandons this metafictional intertextual definition to name American literature a literature without primary influences. a literature which lacks a known parentage. enduring from the anxiety of non-influence ( 87 ) . As we shall see. an scrutiny of the novels of Toni Morrison. E. L. Doctorow. John Barth. Ishmael Reed. Thomas Pynchon. and others casts a sensible uncertainty on such dictums. On the one manus. Newman wants to reason that postmodernism at big is resolutely parodic ; on the other. he asserts that the American postmodern intentionally puts distance between itself and its literary ancestors. an obligatory if on occasion conscience-stricken interruption with the past ( 172 ) . Newman is non entirely in his screening of postmodern lampoon as a signifier of dry rupture with the yesteryear ( see Thiher 214 ) . but. as in postmodernist architecture. there is ever a paradox at the bosom of that post : sarcasm does so tag the difference from the past. but the intertextual echoing at the same time works to affirm-textually and hermeneutically-the connexion with the yesteryear. When that yesteryear is the literary period we now seem to label as 5 LINDA HUTCHEON modernism. so what is both instated and so subverted is the impression of the work of art as a closed. self-sufficient. independent object deducing its integrity from the formal interrelatednesss of its parts. In its characteristic effort to retain aesthetic liberty while still returning the text to the world. postmodernism both asserts and so undersell this formalized position. But this does non ask a return to the universe of ordinary world. as some have argued ( Kern 216 ) ; the world in which the text situates itself is the world of discourse. the world of texts and intertexts. This world has direct links to the universe of empirical world. but it is non itself that empirical world. It is a modern-day critical truism that pragmatism is truly a set of conventions. that the representation of the existent is non the same as the existent itself. What historiographic metafiction challenges is both any naif realist construct of representation and any every bit naif textualist or formalist averments of the entire separation of art from the universe. The postmodern is selfconsciously art within the archive ( Foucault 92 ) . and that archive is both historical and literary. In the visible radiation of the work of authors such as Carlos Fuentes. Salman Rushdie. D. M. Thomas. John Fowles. Umberto Eco. every bit good as Robert Coover. E. L. Doctorow. John Barth. Joseph Heller. Ishmael Reed. and other American novelists. it is difficult to see why critics such as Allen Thiher. for case. can think of no such intertextual foundations today as those of Dante in Virgil ( 189 ) ’ Are we truly in the thick of a crisis of religion in the possibility of historical culture ( 189 ) ? Have we of all time non been in such a crisis? To lampoon is non to destruct the yesteryear ; in fact. to lampoon is both to enshrine the yesteryear and to oppugn it. And this is the postmodern paradox. The theoretical geographic expedition of the vast dialogue ( Calinescu. 169 ) between and among literatures and histories that configure postmodernism has. in portion. been made possible by Julia Kristeva’s early reworking of the Bakhtinian impressions of polyphonic music. dialogism. and heteroglossia-the multiple voicings of a text. Out of these thoughts she developed a more purely formalist theory of the irreducible plurality of texts within and behind any given text. thereby debaring the critical focal point off from the impression of the topic ( here. the writer ) to the thought of textual productiveness. Kristeva and her co-workers at Tel Quel in the late 1960ss and early 1970ss mounted a corporate onslaught on the initiation topic ( assumed name: the romantic platitude of the writer ) as the original and arising beginning of fixed and fetishized significance in the text. And. of class. this besides put into inquiry the full impression of the text as an independent entity. with subjective significance. 6 HISTORIOGRAPHIC METAFICTION In America a similar formalist urge had provoked a similar onslaught much earlier in the signifier of the New Critical rejection of the intentional fallacy ( Wimsatt ) . However. it would look that even though we can no longer speak comfortably of writers ( and beginnings and influences ) . we still need a critical linguistic communication in which to discourse those dry allusions. those re-contextualized citations. those double-edged lampoons both of genre and of specific plants that proliferate in modernist and postmodernist texts. This. of class. is where the construct of intertextuality has proved so utile. As subsequently defined by Roland Barthes ( Image 160 ) and Michael Riffaterre ( 142-43 ) . intertextuality replaces the challenged authortext relationship with one between reader and text. one that situates the venue of textual significance within the history of discourse itself. A literary work can really no longer be considered original ; if it were. it could hold no significance for its reader. It is merely as portion of anterior discourses that any text derives intending and significance. Not surprisingly. this theoretical redefining of aesthetic value has coincided with a alteration in the sort of art being produced. Postmodernly parodic composer George Rochberg. in the line drive notes to the Nonesuch recording of his String Quartet no. 3 articulates this alteration in these footings: I have had to abandon the impression of originality. ’ in which the personal manner of the creative person and his self-importance are the supreme values ; the chase of the one-idea. uni-dimensional work and gesture which seems to hold dominated the esthetics of art in the aoth century ; and the standard thought that it is necessary to disassociate oneself from the yesteryear. In the ocular humanistic disciplines excessively. the plants of Shusaku Arakawa. Larry Rivers. Tom Wesselman. and others have brought approximately. through parodic intertextuality ( both aesthetic and historical ) . a existent skewing of any romantic impressions of subjectiveness and creativeness. As in historiographic metafiction. these other art signifiers parodically cite the intertexts of both the world and art and. in so making. contend the boundaries that many would unquestioningly utilize to divide the two. In its most utmost preparation. the consequence of such contesting would be a break with every given context. breeding an eternity of new contexts in a mode which is perfectly illimitable ( Derrida 185 ) . While postmodernism. as I am specifying it here. is possibly slightly less indiscriminately extended. the impression of lampoon as opening the text up. instead than shuting it down. is an of import 1: among the many things that postmodern intertextuality challenges are both closing and individual. centralised significance. Its willed and wilful provisionality rests mostly upon its credence of the inevitable textual infiltration of anterior dianoetic 7 LINDA HUTCHEON patterns. Typically contradictory. intertextuality in postmodern art both provides and undermines context. In Vincent B. Leitch’s footings. it posits both an uncentered historical enclosure and an abysmal decentered foundation for linguistic communication and textuality ; in so making. it exposes all contextualizations as limited and restricting. arbitrary and restricting. self-serving and autocratic. theological and political. However paradoxically formulated. intertextuality offers a liberating determinism ( 162 ) . It is possibly clearer now why it has been claimed that to utilize the term intertextuality in unfavorable judgment is non merely to avail oneself of a utile conceptual tool: it besides signals a prise de place. un title-holder de reference ( Angenot 122 ) . But its utility as a theoreticalframework that is both hermeneutic and formalist is obvious in covering with historiographic metafiction that demands of the reader non merely the acknowledgment of textualized hints of the literary and historical yesteryear but besides the consciousness of what has been done-through irony-to those hints. The reader is forced to admit non merely the inevitable textuality of our cognition of the past. but besides both the value and the restriction of that ineluctably dianoetic signifier of cognition. situated as it is between presence and absence ( Barilli ) . aura Calvina’s Marco Polo in Invisible Cities both is and is non the historical Marco Polo. How can we. today. know the Italian adventurer? We can merely make so by manner of texts-including his ain ( Il Milione ) . from which Calvino parodically takes his frame narrative. his travel secret plan. and his word picture ( Musarra 141 ) . Roland Barthes one time defined the intertext as the impossibleness of life outside the infinite text ( Pleasure 36 ) . thereby doing intertextuality the very status of textuality. Umberto Eco. authorship of his novel The Name of the Rose. claims: 1 discovered what authors have ever known ( and have told us once more and once more ) : books ever speak of other books. and every narrative tells a narrative that has already been told ( 20 ) . The narratives that The Name of the Rose retells are both those of literature ( by Arthur Conan Doyle. Jorge Luis Borges. James Joyce. Thomas Mann. T. S. Eliot. among others ) and those of history ( mediaeval histories. spiritual testimonies ) . This is the parodically twofold discourse of postmodernist intertextuality. However. this is non merely a double introspective signifier of aestheticism: the theoretical deductions of this sort of historiographic metafiction coincide with recent historiographic theory about the nature of history authorship as narrativization ( instead than representation ) of the past and about the nature of the archive as the textualized remains of history ( see White. The Question ) . 8 HISTORIOGRAPHIC METAFICTION In other words. yes. postmodernism manifests a certain invagination. a self-aware turning toward the signifier of the act of composing itself ; but it is besides much more than that. It does non travel so far as to establish an expressed actual relation with that existent universe beyond itself. as some have claimed ( Kirernidjian 238 ) . Its relationship to the worldly is still on the degree of discourse. but to claim that is to claim rather a batch. After all. we can merely know ( as opposed to experience ) the universe through our narrations ( past and present ) of it. or so postmodernism argues. The present. every bit good as the yesteryear. is ever already irremediably textualized for us ( Belsey 46 ) . and the open intertextuality of historiographic metafiction serves as one of the textual signals of this postmodern realisation. Readers of a novel like Kurt Vonnegut’s Slaughterhouse-Five do non hold to continue really far before picking up these signals. The writer is identified on the rubric page as a fourth-generation German-american now populating in easy fortunes on Cape Cod ( and smoking excessively much ) . who. as an American foot lookout hors de combat. as a captive of war. witnessed the fire-bombing of Dresden. Germany. The Firenze of the Elbe. ’ a long clip ago. and survived to state the narrative. This is a fresh slightly in the telegraphic schizophrenic mode of narratives of the planet Tralfamadore. where the winging disks come from. Peace. The character. Kurt Vonnegut. appears in the novel. seeking to wipe out his memories of the war and of Dresden. the devastation of which he saw from Slaughterhouse-Five. where he worked as a POW. The fresh itself opens with: All this happened. more or less. The war parts. anyhow. are reasonably much true ( 7 ) . Counterpointed to this historical context. nevertheless. is the ( metafictionally marked ) Billy Pilgrim. the oculist who helps rectify faulty vision-including his ain. though it takes the planet Tralfamadore to give him his new position. Billy’s fantasy life Acts of the Apostless as an fable of the author’s ain supplantings and delaies ( i. e. . his other novels ) that prevented him from composing about Dresden before this. and it is the intratexts of the novel that signal this fable: Tralfamadore itself is from Vonnegut’s The Sirens of Titan. Billy’s place in Illium is from Player Piano. characters appear from Mother Night and God Bless You. Mr. Rosewater. The intertexts. nevertheless. map in similar ways. and their birthplace is once more dual: there are existent historical intertexts ( docudramas on Dresden. etc. ) . assorted with those of historical fiction ( Stephen Crane. Celine ) . But there are besides structurally and thematically affiliated allusions: to Hermann Hesse’s Journey to the East and to assorted plants of scientific discipline fiction. Popular 9 LINDA HUTCHEON and high-art intertexts mingle: Valley of the Dolls meets the verse form of William Blake and Theodore Roethke. All are just game and all get re-contextualized in order to dispute the imperialistic ( cultural and political ) outlooks that conveying about the Dresdens of history. Thomas Pynchon’s V. uses dual intertexts in a likewise loaded manner to officially ordain the author’s related subject of the entropic destructiveness of humanity. Stencil’s dossier. its fragments of the texts of history. is an amalgam of literary intertexts. as if to remind us that there is no 1 writable truth’ about history and experience. merely a series of versions: it ever comes to us stencillized' ( Tanner 172 ) . And it is ever multiple. like V’s individuality. Patricia Waugh notes that metafiction such as Slaughterhouse-Five or The Public Burning suggests non merely that composing history is a fictional act. runing events conceptually through linguistic communication to organize a world-model. but that history itself is invested. like fiction. with interrelating secret plans which appear to interact independently of human design ( 48-49 ) . Historiographic metafiction is peculiarly doubled. like this. in its inscribing of both historical and literary intertexts. Its particular and general remembrances of the signifiers and contents of history composing work to familiarise the unfamiliar through ( really familiar ) narrative constructions ( as Hayden White has argued [ The Historical Text. 49-50 ] ) . but its metafictional selfreflexivity works to render debatable any such familiarisation. And the ground for the sameness is that both existent and imagined universes come to us through their histories of them. that is. through their hints. their texts. The ontological line between historical yesteryear and literature is non effaced ( see Thiher 190 ) . but underlined. The past truly did be. but we can merely know that past today through its texts. and therein lies its connexion to the literary. If the subject of history has lost its privileged position as the purveyor of truth. so so much the better. harmonizing to this sort of modern historiographic theory: the loss of the semblance of transparence in historical authorship is a measure toward rational self-awareness that is matched by metafiction’s challenges to the presumed transparence of the linguistic communication of realist texts. When its critics attack postmodernism for being what they see as ahistorical ( as do Eagleton. Jameson. and Newman ) . what is being referred to as postrnodern all of a sudden becomes ill-defined. for certainly historiographic metafiction. like postmodernist architecture and picture. is overtly and resolutely historical-though. true. in an dry and debatable manner that acknowledges that history is non the transparent record of any certain truth. Alternatively. such fiction 10. HISTORIOGRAPHIC METAFICTION corroborates the positions of philosophers of history such as Dominick LaCapra who argue that the past arrives in the signifier of texts and textualized remainders-memories. studies. published Hagiographas. archives. memorials. and so forth ( 128 ) and that these texts interact with one another in complex ways. This does non in any manner deny the value of history-writing ; it simply redefines the conditions of value in slightly less imperialistic footings. Recently. the tradition of narrative history with its concern for the short clip span. for the person and the event ( Braudel 27 ) . has been called into inquiry by the Annales School in France. But this peculiar theoretical account of narrative history was. of class. besides that of the realist novel. Historiographic metafiction. hence. represents a challenging of the ( related ) conventional signifiers of fiction and history through its recognition of their ineluctable textuality. As Barthes one time remarked. Bouvard and Pecuchet become the ideal precursors of the postmodernist author who can merely copy a gesture that is ever anterior. neer original. His lone power is to blend Hagiographas. to counter the 1s with the others. in such a manner as neer to rest on any of them ( Irnage 146 ) . The formal linking of history and fiction through the common denominators of intertextuality and narrativity is normally offered non as a decrease. as a shrinkage of the range and value of fiction. but instead as an enlargement of these. Or. if it is seen as a limitation-restricted to the ever already narrated-this tends to be made into the primary value. as it is in Lyotard’s pagan vision. wherein no 1 of all time manages to be the first to narrate anything. to be the beginning of even her or his ain narrative ( 78 ) . Lyotard intentionally sets up this limitation as the antonym of what he calls the capitalist place of the author as original Godhead. owner. and enterpriser of her or his narrative. Much postmodern composing portions this implied ideological review of the premises underlying romantic constructs of writer and text. and it is parodic intertextuality that is the major vehicle of that review. Possibly because lampoon itself has potentially contradictory ideological deductions ( as authorized evildoing. it can be seen as both conservative and radical [ Hutcheon 69-83 ] ) . it is a perfect manner of unfavorable judgment for postmodernism. itself self-contradictory in its conservative installation and so extremist contesting of conventions. Historiographic metafictions. like Gabriel Garcia Marquez’s One Hundred Old ages of Solitude. Gunter Grass’s The Tin Drurn. or Salman Rushdie’s Midnight’s Children ( which uses both of the former as intertexts ) . use lampoon non merely to reconstruct history and memory in the face of the deformations of the history of forgetting ( Thiher 11 LINDA HUTCHEON 202 ) . but besides. at the same clip. to set into inquiry the authorization of any act of authorship by turn uping the discourses of both history and fiction within an ever-expanding intertextual web that mocks any impression of either individual beginning or simple causality. When linked with sarcasm. as in the work of Vonnegut. V. Vampilov. Christa Wolf. or Coover. lampoon can surely take on more exactly ideological dimensions. Here. excessively. nevertheless. there is no direct intercession in the universe: this is composing working through other authorship. other textualizations of experience ( Said Beginnings 237 ) . In many instances intertextuality may good be excessively limited a term to depict this procedure ; interdiscursivity would possibly be a more accurate term for the corporate manners of discourse from which the postmodern parodically draws: literature. ocular humanistic disciplines. history. life. theory. doctrine. depth psychology. sociology. and the list could travel on. One of the effects of this dianoetic pluralizing is that the ( possibly illusory but one time steadfast and individual ) centre of both historical and assumed narration is dispersed. Margins and borders gain new value. The ex-centric-as both off-center and de-centeredgets attending. That which is different is valorized in resistance both to elitist. alienated otherness and besides to the uniformizing urge of mass civilization. And in American postmodernism. the different comes to be defined in specifying footings such as those of nationality. ethnicity. gender. race. and sexual orientation. Intertextual lampoon of canonical classics is one manner of reappropriating and reformulating-with important changes-the dominant white. male. middle-class. European civilization. It does non reject it. for it can non. It signals its dependance by its usage of the canon. but asserts its rebellion through dry maltreatment of it. As Edward Said has been reasoning late ( Culture ) . there is a relationship of common mutuality between the histories of the dominators and the dominated. American fiction since the 1960ss has been. as described by Malcolm Bradbury ( 186 ) . peculiarly obsessed with its ain pastliterary. societal. and historical. Possibly this preoccupation is ( or was ) tied in portion to a demand to fmd a peculiarly American voice within a culturally dominant Eurocentric tradition ( D’haen 216 ) . The United States ( like the remainder of North and South America ) is a land of in-migration. In E. L. Doctorow’s words. We derive tremendously. of class. from Europe. and that’s portion of what Ragtime is about: the agencies by which we began literally. physically to raise European art and architecture and convey it over here ( in Trenner 58 ) . This is besides portion of what American historiographic metafiction in general is about. Critics have discussed at length the parodic 12 HISTORIOGRAPHIC METAFICTION intertexts of the work of Thomas Pynchon. including Conrad’s Heart ofDarkness ( McHale 88 ) and Proust’s first-person confessional signifier ( Patteson 37-38 ) in V. In peculiar. The Crying of Lot 49 has been seen as straight associating the literary lampoon ofJacobean play with the selectivity and subjectiveness of what we deem historical fact ( Bennett ) . Here the postmodern lampoon operates in much the same manner as it did in the literature of the 17th century. and in both Pynchon’s novel and the dramas he parodies ( John Ford’s Tis Pity She’s a Whore. John Webster’s The White Devil and The Duchess of Malfi. and Cyril Tourneur’s The Revenger’s Tragedy. among others ) . the intertextual received discourse is steadfastly embedded in a societal commentary about the loss of relevancy of traditional values in modern-day life ( Bennett ) . Merely as powerful and even more hideous. possibly. is the lampoon of Charles Dickens’ A Christmas Carol in Ishmael Reed’s The Terrible Twos. where political sarcasm and lampoon meet to assail white Euro-centered political orientations of domination. Its construction of A Past Christmas and A Future Christmas prepares us for its initial Dickensian invocations-first through metaphor ( Money is every bit tight as Scrooge [ 4 ] ) and so straight: Ebenezer Scrooge towers above the Washington skyline. rubbing his custodies and avariciously peering over his spectacles ( 4 ) . Scrooge is non a character. but a guiding spirit of 1980 America. 1 that attends the startup of the president that twelvemonth. The fresh returns to update Dickens’ narrative. However. the rich are still cosy and comfy ( Regardless of how high rising prices remains. the wealthy will hold any sort of Christmas they desire. a spokesman for Neiman-Marcus announces [ 5 ] ) ; the hapless are non. This is the 1980 rematch of Scrooge’s winter. as mean as ajunkyard dog ( 32 ) . The Future Christmas takes topographic point after monopoly capitalist economy has literally captured Christmas following a tribunal determination which has granted sole rights to Santa Claus to one individual and one company. One strand of the complex secret plan continues the Dickensian intertext: the American president-a asinine. alcoholic. ex- ( male ) model-is reformed by a visit from St. Nicholas. who takes him on a trip through snake pit. playing Virgil to his Dante. There he meets past presidents and other politicians. whose penalties ( as in the Inferno ) conform to their offenses. Made a new adult male from this experience. the president spends Christmas Day with his black pantryman. John. and John’S crippled grandson. Though nameless. this Bantam Tim ironically outsentimentalizes Dickens’ : he has a leg amputated ; he is black ; his parents died in a auto accident. In an effort to salvage the state. the president goes on televi13 LINDA HUTCHEON Xian to denote: The jobs of American society will non travel off †¦ by raising Scroogelike attitudes against the hapless or stating baloney to the old and to the underprivileged ( 158 ) . But the concluding reverberations of the Dickens intertext are finally dry: the president is declared unfit to function ( because of his televised message ) and is hospitalized by the concern involvements which truly run the authorities. None of Dickens’ optimism remains in this black satiric vision of the hereafter. Similarly. in Yellow Back Radio Broke-Down. Reed parodically inverts Dostoevsky’s Grand Inquisitor in order to overthrow the authorization of societal. moral. and literary order. No work of the Western humanist tradition seems safe from postmodern intertextual commendation and controversy today: in Heller’s God Knows even the sacred texts of the Bible are capable to both proof and demystification. It is important that the intertexts ofJohn Barth’s LETTERS include non merely the British eighteenth-century epistolatory novel. Don Quixote. and other European plants by H. G. Wells. Mann. and Joyce. but besides texts by Henry David Thoreau. Nathaniel Hawthorne. Edgar Allan Poe. Walt

How to Make LinkedIn Work for You

How to Make LinkedIn Work for You On July 30th, I was interviewed by the charismatic Pete Mockaitis of Awesome at Your Job on â€Å"Making LinkedIn Work for You.† We covered lots of ground, including Two keys to crafting an eye-grabbing LinkedIn profile Who needs a LinkedIn profile and who maybe doesn’t What to do to be both searchable and likable on LinkedIn How to make an impact with your LinkedIn Summary How to grow your LinkedIn network past 500 people quickly and responsibly The case for making recommendations I won’t spend a lot of time talking about this interview, because you can both listen to it and get a full transcript at this link: Making LinkedIn Work for You with Brenda Bernstein To view the transcript, scroll down to this section of the article and click on the + sign: Or listen here: document.createElement('audio'); https://theessayexpert.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/326_-_Making_LinkedIn_Work_for_You_with_Brenda_Bernstein.mp3 What I will say, because I want you to get all the goodies you can get from this podcast, is that I talk about everything from Big Bird and my Sesame Street failures to the lessons we can learn from bamboo trees. Oh and I talk about blenders. That’s a lot of Bs from Brenda Bernstein! I also threw a little neuroscience in there about how to create an impression before you even meet someone in person. And there’s more! I highly recommend listening to or reading this interview, even if you’ve listened to my podcasts before. The tidbits on my favorite things and life lessons are especially charming, if I do say so myself, plus you get to learn about how to make LinkedIn work for you! 🙂 Hit the â€Å"Connect† too soon 🙠 Really liked what you had to say! Working on updating my LinkedIn profile to focus on my day job while mentioning my joy being a professional musician on the side. Thank you for the tips you offered on this podcast interview with Pete! Log in to Reply Brenda Bernstein says: August 29, 2018 at 9:49 pm Thanks for your comment and for connecting with me on LinkedIn, Sten. That balance between two careers can be tricky. Let me know if you are interested in my LinkedIn Profile Review service! Log in to Reply

Week 5 Q 2 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Week 5 Q 2 - Assignment Example A normal curve shows that over a period of time, long term bonds will yield higher returns than shorter duration bonds because of the reduction of risks over a greater period of time (Bhole, 2009). An inverted yield curve shows that short term bonds will perform better than long term bonds and in most cases this is an indication of a coming recession. When the yield curve is flat it implies that there is a close relationship between the various returns over short and long term periods of time and usually shows that the economy of a given country is undergoing some sort of transition. It is therefore correct to say that an increase in the angle of the slope is directly proportional to an increase in the difference between the long and short term interest rates of the bonds. Below is an image showing a normal yield curve. The yield curve for the economy is a normal yield curve shows that long term investment s will most likely yield a higher return than short term investments over a period of time. Currently, the interest rates are very low and this is a bad situation for possible investors. The bank of England decided to hold its interest rate at 0.5 % given that they are not expected to change positively until sometime next year. However, there is anticipation that the economy will perform well in future particularly due to an anticipated increase in industrial production over the next few years (Dawe, 2009). This shows that in the future the interest rates are likely to increase. However, presently, the interest rates are very low due to the various factors in the economy. One of these is unemployment which is at above 7% and has been recorded at a high of 7.3%. The inflation rate has also slowed down to a low of 1.7% and this is the lowest that it has ever been since the year 2009. The interest rates are a major determinant of the direction in which our economy is headed. When the interest

Concept Analysis on Pain Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Concept Analysis on Pain - Research Paper Example Pain is the most recurrent diagnosis used in nursing as well as the most common problem through which patients seek help in a clinical setting. Unrelieved pain has an effect on the quality of life of an individual. It affects a person both physically and emotionally, impacts his family as well as the individual and the entire society (Ferrel, 1995). Pain is therefore a vital problem in the health care system. Pain is discussed by four major theories namely; specificity theory, gate control theory, pattern theory and psychological/ behavioral theory. The Gate Control Theory (GCT) is the most commonly used theory in the professional field. The insight of involves three interactive cerebral processes; motivational-effective, sensory discriminative and cognitive-evaluation (Melzack and Wall, 1965). Sensory-discriminative dimension speaks of the nerve transmission to the brain from the periphery through the spinal cord. This neospinothalamic projection system that is found in the brain serves to develop information that is sensory discriminative about duration, location and intensity to the stimulus. The limbic system and the formation of the brain brainstem reticular, which provoke the aversive and motivational drive are referred to as the motivational-affective dimension. Cognitive activities are referred to in the cognitive-evaluation dimension. These cognitive activities include attention , anxiety and cultural values. The cognitive-evaluation dimension places its basis on the analysis of multi-modal information, response strategies and past experience. This dimension also has effects on the other dimensions. According to Melzack and Wall, pain is a continuing process and not a sole sensation and response procedure. Pain includes a series of responses by a system of actions that start with reflex responses and continues with

Explain the term structure of interest rates. What are the effects of Essay

Explain the term structure of interest rates. What are the effects of rise in risk and expectations on the formation of long term rates - Essay Example Change of short term interest rates by the central bank has an effect on domestic real economic conditions through its influence on the long-term interest rate and consequently on those of other countries should there be involved in trade. Investors are now more prone to foreign exchange and interest rate risks due to all these changes in the global market place. The term structure of interest rates represents the pattern for interest rates appropriate for discounting cash flows of various maturities. This is done through the use of a yield curve by plotting the interest rates against their terms so as to display the relationship between spot rates of zero-coupon securities and their term to maturity. The resulting curve allows an interest rate pattern to be determined, which can then be used to discount cash flows appropriately. Unfortunately, most bonds carry coupons, so the term structure must be determined using the prices of these securities. In the case of a zero-coupon bond, the yield to maturity is sometimes called the spot rate, as this rate is said to be the rate that The shape of the yield curve above is said to be a â€Å"normal yield curve† as it is thought to reflect the higher â€Å"inflation risk premium† that investors demand for longer term bonds especially as longer term interest rates are usually higher than shorter term interest rates. A â€Å"parallel shift† in the yield curve may occur provided the interest rates change by the same amount for bonds for all terms and when this occurs, the shape of the yield curve stays same although interest rates may appear to be higher or lower across the curve. But when interest rates for bonds of some terms change different than for other bonds, the yield curve may change and such a change is called the â€Å"twist†. But since term structures are continuously changing, the changes may result to the yield curve having its usual normal shape, or may even result to the curve to

Article reviews Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Article reviews - Essay Example It revealed that children and teenage Hispanics were 28.9% obese ab 20.5% in the case of black people. Children who were considered severely obese as profiled above the 95th BMI percentile were prone by as much as 2.8 times of having hypertension compared to those who has moderate obesity. The study also revealed that approximately 5.6% of community population is severely obese that runs the risk of having hypertension. This is relevant because it shows how prevalent obesity is in our population. Imagine a staggering 5.6% of pediatric community population who has severe obesity. The media may only portray the aesthetic consequence of being obese as being labeled â€Å"fat† but medically, it has a morbid consequence of contracting hypertension which the media should also portray. 4. What is the method? How was the research collected? The data gathering was made through interviews of children and adolescents coming from different ethnic backgrounds. Qualitative research was conducted and data was extracted through focus group discussion. The study revealed that a child and adolescents social circle has different attitudes, motivations and behavior about their eating habit and this has significant influence among the other members of the peer group. This is unfortunate because most peer group adopt an unhealthy eating habit that is pass on to other members of the group. Every teenager can relate to this study. It basically says that social pressure induces a teenager to eat unhealthy food. Media is partly guilty of this issue too because they portray eating unhealthy foods such as burgers and pizzas to be the â€Å"in† food for teenagers and most of us buy it. Cnabers, Stephannie; Lobb,Alexandra; Butler, LaurieT; Traill, W. Bruce (2008).The influence of age and gender on food choice: a focus group exploration. International Journal of Consumer Studies, Vol. 32 Issue 4, p356-365, 10p Lo, J. C., Chandra, M., Sinaiko, A., Daniels, S. R.,

Youth human rights perspective case study Essay

Youth human rights perspective case study - Essay Example In a lawsuit filed against the Department of Education of Hawaii or DOE as well as the Hawaii Board of Education, filed as a class action suit on behalf of three homeless families by the American Civil Liberties Union of Hawaii Foundation or ACLU Hawaii, Kaleuati III and the other plaintiffs alleged that actions by the Board and by the DOE, the matter of contention is the discrimination that children of homeless families faced, which made it difficult for them to acquire an education on the same footing as children from families with homes. The lawsuit prospered, and in the end the DOE took the course of coming to terms with the plaintiffs and with the lot of the homeless of Hawaii via a case settlement, rather than having to face the prospect of a long-drawn legal process where the outcome seemed to in favor of the homeless families/plaintiffs (American Civil Liberties Union). The lawsuit is interesting for the way Kaleuati III and the other plaintiffs argued that although legislation exists that was supposed to protect the rights of such homeless children to access to education on par with the access given to children from families with homes, practices and decisions by the DOE and by the Board relating to the education arrangements of homeless children had the effect of circumventing the law. The effect is that by intention or not, the rights of the children to equal and effective education access were violated. The law referred to here is the so-called McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act, which has the following provisions: 1) funding to support homeless children equal access to education in public schools; 2) children are to continue to go to the schools they attend at the point of homelessness; 3) children are to be enrolled right away even without required enrollment documents; 4) the DOE is to provide means of transport to homeless children even when they move to other places to seek shelter

One HUndred Years of Solitude Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

One HUndred Years of Solitude - Essay Example Depicting seven generations of people, Marquez critically examines their values nad traditions as the main issues of culture and political life. For instance, the Macondoans' reactions are not merely inappropriate or out of proportion to the strangeness of the events, they are actually inverted. On the one hand, the gypsies flying carpet and Remedios the Beauty's ascension into heaven are regarded as normal everyday occur rences; on the other hand, the natural phenomenon of ice and the all-too-explicable massacre of demonstrators appear implausible, paranormal, too fantastic to be believed. Thus, in Macondo not only does the fantastic become banal but, by a kind of chiasmus, the banal also becomes fantastic. Neverthe less, the dialogue between the normal and the paranormal still continues in One Hundred Years of Solitude, although their relative positions have been reversed. The work is particularly relevant to fiction in that it reaches conclusions about the oppressive nature of mod ern society through direct confrontation with the ideology that formerly had been the inspiration for numerous political visions. Marquez uses satire and acute irony to unveil totalitarian traditions of his society.

Youth human rights perspective case study Essay

Youth human rights perspective case study - Essay Example In a lawsuit filed against the Department of Education of Hawaii or DOE as well as the Hawaii Board of Education, filed as a class action suit on behalf of three homeless families by the American Civil Liberties Union of Hawaii Foundation or ACLU Hawaii, Kaleuati III and the other plaintiffs alleged that actions by the Board and by the DOE, the matter of contention is the discrimination that children of homeless families faced, which made it difficult for them to acquire an education on the same footing as children from families with homes. The lawsuit prospered, and in the end the DOE took the course of coming to terms with the plaintiffs and with the lot of the homeless of Hawaii via a case settlement, rather than having to face the prospect of a long-drawn legal process where the outcome seemed to in favor of the homeless families/plaintiffs (American Civil Liberties Union). The lawsuit is interesting for the way Kaleuati III and the other plaintiffs argued that although legislation exists that was supposed to protect the rights of such homeless children to access to education on par with the access given to children from families with homes, practices and decisions by the DOE and by the Board relating to the education arrangements of homeless children had the effect of circumventing the law. The effect is that by intention or not, the rights of the children to equal and effective education access were violated. The law referred to here is the so-called McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act, which has the following provisions: 1) funding to support homeless children equal access to education in public schools; 2) children are to continue to go to the schools they attend at the point of homelessness; 3) children are to be enrolled right away even without required enrollment documents; 4) the DOE is to provide means of transport to homeless children even when they move to other places to seek shelter

Managing Financial Resources Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Managing Financial Resources - Research Paper Example The administration, design, and production budgets should be reviewed so that problems with those could be uncovered and favorable changes could be made. Prices of inputs used for the production process could have increased. New machinery could have been bought for production or design. Sales declined by 15 percent. Normally the Direct costs also should have gone down proportionately. Ideally the direct costs should have come down from 110 million to about 96 million. This indicates that direct costs are not truly apportioned among the products. A review of the costing method is required to identify any problems with it. Similarly, when sales have gone down by 15 percent, gross profit came down by 27 percent. If profit margin was the same on all products, the gross profit would have come down to a similar extent. This means that a larger percentage of sales were of products that are priced so that the profit margin is low on their sale. Some products might even be prices at a level that causes a loss. The above observation, when seen together with the increase in production overheads confirms the view that the costing of products is not done in a realistic manner. The deployment of more resources in production resulted in increased production overheads, but it did not result in increased sales. ... The above observation, when seen together with the increase in production overheads confirms the view that the costing of products is not done in a realistic manner. The deployment of more resources in production resulted in increased production overheads, but it did not result in increased sales. Increases in the marketing budget also did not increase sales, which could be a result of poor advertising practices. II. Pricing Policies Slingshot follows "cost plus pricing." This method adopts an average cost for products and the selling price is arrived by adding a percentage "mark up" (In this case 15 %). This method overlooks the fact that the basic costs of some products are more than those of other products. In fact, the selling price is not directly related to the value addition done in specific products. A more reliable method for pricing is "Absorption Cost Pricing." In this method, direct and indirect cost of each product is scientifically determined and allocated. Each product sold by a company is given a share of the company's direct and indirect costs and given a separate total cost. A "mark up" is applied to the actual cost as determined for each product. "Cost plus pricing" and "Absorption cost" pricing both do not take into account any "market factors" such as demand and availability. This may not be necessary for this kind of business where market demands remain steady. However. a massive increase in the amount of resources devoted marketing did not seem to bring any results. This might be a result of limited demand elasticity. It could also be a result of bad marketing. Consumer surveys should be done to analyze consumer demand so that marketing is more effective. The market for Slingshot's products and any companies that compete with

Drug Addiction and Service Training Program Essay Example for Free

Drug Addiction and Service Training Program Essay The National Service Training Program (NSTP) Law, RA 9163, also known as â€Å"An Act Establishing the National Service Training Program for tertiary level students, has three program components; Reserve Officer’s Training Corps [ROTC], Civic Welfare Training Service [CWTS], and Literacy Training Service [LTS] – aiming to enhance civic consciousness and defense preparedness in the youth and developing the ethics of service and patriotism. Under the NSTP-MAPUA Office, which supervises the implementations of CWTS and ROTC, governed by R.A. 9163 of 2001, are MAPUA-CWTS and MAPUA-ROTC Offices. These two independent offices provide students a grading system, and different activities that endows students with theoretical and practical knowledge and experiences that are needed for community services. After finishing LTS/CWTS, graduates become part of National Service Reserved Corps; after finishing ROTC, graduates will be a part of Citizen Armed Forces. A human is a rational being, born free but are responsible for his own action, has his own identity for who he is, intrinsically a social being, and sexual in nature with uniqueness of expression – these are the characteristics of a person. Values are integrated in a person’s physical, intellectual, moral, spiritual, social economic and political aspects. By understanding the character and the definition of a person, maximizing these characteristics are crucial to be able to create a positive result in realizing his competence and ability. There are many opportunities that await each person, but blind enough to notice it. A person himself is best qualified in changing and directing his life for he’s always been given an alternative whether to do or not to do an act, and is accompanied by responsibility. Understanding Filipino values are very important in realizing how Filipinos behave and act, for these values serve as a basis on which every individual’s s trength in facing the challenges of life should be directed. The positive side of the Filipino values should be put in use and disregard the negative ones to be able to bring out the best in the Filipino society in general and the individual in particular. Each Filipino I blessed inherently by a set of values – value of respect for life, concern for the family and the future generations, value of truth, of justice, of equality, of promotion of the common good, and of concern for the environment. These values are in need to be awakened in order to serve as a vehicle and reinforcement towards our goal of realizing social change and progress. A group is defined as a collection of individuals with different personalities acting and interacting with one another in the process of living. Within a group, a leader or a set of leaders is/are appointed; the one who guides his members and possess certain qualities on effective leadership. John C. Maxwell‟s book entitled â€Å"21 Indispensable Qualities of a Leader† helps people recogn ize, develop and refine the personal characteristics needed to be a truly effective leader that people would want to follow. For every group, decisions are made. There are different kinds of decision-making, for instance, having only one person to decide or having a majority vote. Difficulties are also encountered but there are some conflict resolutions and styles used to solve the problem. National security is the protection to preserve the nation’s physical integrity and territory. National security has an objective of defending the territorial integrity of the state and the freedom to determine one’s own government while, human security aims the safety and survival of people, shorthand for the same is freedom from fear of physical violence. It responds to ordinary people’s needs in dealing with sources of threats. Disaster is a phenomenon brought about by either natural or man-made hazards that causes great damage and suffering – for instance, in life and property. The community, composed of its people in a state or country, takes extra-ordinary measures on how to survive when everything we take for granted is gone, when structures we depend on have failed. Disaster preparedness is an activity which complies with the preventive measures, ensuring that the community is in a state of readiness to contain the effects of a forecasted disastrous event in order to minimize loss of life, injury, and damage to property. Disaster management is a planned step taken to minimize the effects of a disaster. DRUG – any substance that brings physical, psychological, emotional and behavioral changes when used. There are many consequences when people use drugs; their behavior changes leading them to do bad things to others and their selves, and all sorts of health problems. Every classification of drug abusers – from experimenters, occasional, regular users to drug dependent people, corresponds to certain counter measures, depending on the degree of drug abuse. The Republic Act 9165, known as the Comprehensive Drugs Act of 2002, is the one that deals on cases which involve the use of drugs.

The Effects on Hungary as a New Member Nation in the European Union :: essays research papers fc

Overview/History of Hungary and the European Union   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The nation of Hungary is a country that has come a long way in a short period of time. In the years since the fall of communism in 1989 in this country, Hungary has managed to establish an extremely prosperous economy and population. Because of this, Hungary has developed into one of Eastern Europe ¡Ã‚ ¯s most attractive business environments.  ¡Ã‚ °The level of political, structural and economic stability it has achieved demonstrates the success of its transition into a modern market economy.  ¡Ã‚ ± This stability has allowed for Hungary to become a member of numerous international organizations, such as the OECD, NATO, and most recently the European Union in May 2004. Hungary ¡Ã‚ ¯s membership in the EU, although short so far, has brought about many changes in the nation, both positive and negative. The nation has always served as a crossroads that connects Eastern Europe to Western Europe, and this coupled with EU membership will only allow Hungary ¡Ã ‚ ¯s economy to grow more. The Eastern European nation of Hungary has a population of a little more than 10.2 million people with about 2.5 million, or 25% of the country's population, living in and around the capital city of Budapest. Hungary ¡Ã‚ ¯s populace is made up of mostly Hungarians with ethnic minorities of Romanians, Germans, Serbs, and Slovaks. The nation is mostly Catholic with minority religions of Calvinism, Lutheran, and other religions. The life expectancy for the total population is 72.25 years and the literacy rate is very high, with 99.5% of the total population able to read and write, which demonstrates the exceptional educational system in this country. The nation has well-established transportation, communication, banking, insurance, accounting, and legal systems. All of this allows for a prosperous nation. For centuries Hungary had been part of the Holy Roman Empire under the rule of the Hapsburg monarchy. This was until the monarchy was overthrown during WWI and Hungary became a democratic republic; however political and social unrest continued for many years, with the government returning to a monarchy at the end of WWI. The nation also lost two-thirds of its territory as part of the unfair peace settlements following this war. This coupled with economic distress provided  ¡Ã‚ °incentive for resurgent Hungarian nationalism.  ¡Ã‚ ± After World War II, Hungary became a republic once again and held democratic elections after which a coalition government was formed. However, the Hungarian Communist Party, supported by the Soviet army, did not accept the results and overthrew the lawful government and assumed power.

Abortion :: essays research papers

ABORTION CONTROVERSY Abortion refers to termination of pregnancy with the consent of the mother. Therefore even when the mother herself is demanding abortion, pro-lifers maintain that termination must not be allowed because it violates basic rights of the unborn child. Pro-choice quarter on the other hand, advocates a mother’s right to health and feels that an unwanted child would only lead to numerous economic, social and emotional problems for the woman. The paper therefore addresses both sides of the issue and also briefly mentions that the role of the Supreme Court in this area. ‘ABORTION’ INTRODUCTION AND CONFLICT Abortion is one of the most critical issues on each American administration’s agenda. This is because while every politician would love to avoid the issue altogether, public wants to know exactly what the government’s stand on this particular issue is so that they would be able to judge it better. This is quite strange how stance on abortion has become an important criterion for judging a government and it can either turn people in favor of it or completely against it depending on how government interprets its own stand. From this it is evident that people attach great degree of significance to this issue because it somehow is related to their sense of morality and tolerance. Let us understand what exactly abortion is and what is the significance of Court in this particular area of conflict. Abortion refers to termination of pregnancy at any stage and people are divided on this issue because the pro-abortion quarter thinks right to termination is connected with women’s basic rights while the pro-life quarter maintains that we must also think of the child that is growing in the womb. Jerry Z. Muller (1995) writes: â€Å"In contemporary American political debate, usually treated as conflicts between rival interpretations of individual rights. Those who favor abortion most often invoke the "right to choose" of the woman who has conceived the fetus. Those who oppose abortion focus on the "right to life" of the fetus.† (Muller, 1997: 27-28) There is little that one quarter can do to convince the other that its stance is more appropriate because they both have valid arguments in favor of their views on the subject. But it pays to enlighten ourselves regarding both sides of the issue because if we have an open mind, deeper knowledge of the subject might help us at reaching a more a more objective balanced conclusion.

Goal essy

Goal of Passing Mathematics, the abstract science of number, quantity, and space. Mathematics may be studied in its own right, or as it is applied to other disciplines such as physics and engineering. Math has been a dreadful subject for me since grade school. I recall asking myself as a child â€Å"why aren't I skilled in math as I am all my other subjects? † crying and frustration would always be the result of attempting to complete a problem. There is some type of mental blockage when it comes to math. My past experiences with the subject have only made my future encounters with it worse.My problem is math. I am failing the course and the very idea drives me to insanity, sadness, and contravention. I recall being in the 1 lth grade and dreading walking into 7th period which happened to be algebra. The last class ending the day is supposed to be Joyful and a sign of bliss that soon one can go home. Unfortunately for me it was a 60 minute period of horror and begrudge. Ms. Ho ng my teacher was a little woman with little patience. She was introducing a new topic to the class and of course I did not retain or master the concept to slay the beast of the problem.Each student was to stay and omplete one problem and that problem was to be checked off for accuracy upon exiting. Needless to say I was the last man left sitting. Crying my eyes out there I was in the back of class making multiple miserable attempts to complete the problem and scram. Why on this day did we have to discover quadratic formulas? Plugging in variables with numbers and using long formulas with squares and square roots were going to be the death of me. I remember Ms. Hong walking over to me and seeing my tears, yet she had no remorse for them. She calmly and nonchalantly said â€Å"l know it's painful but you must finish.Embarrassment and warmth came across my wet cheeks as she said those painful words to me. I tried and tried yet my best was not good enough. After ten excruciating minut es she freed me from my Jail cell atmosphere of a classroom. Every test returned bleed with a fat red â€Å"D† or â€Å"F. † each test killed my confidence and put it in a place where it couldn't be revived. â€Å"Study students you must study students† is what she always told us. I always felt as though math was a subject that cannot be studied. How does one study numbers? was a question that riddled my mind each time she said such.Homework assignments were Just as hard receiving after being corrected. Red marks scratched my white paper repeadly. I never knew where I was going wrong, I tried, yet I seemed to digress or remain at the same pace. Tenth grade geometry was no better. The abstract and oddly named shapes mixed with numbers and formulas further raddled my brain. This time math was the first subject of the day. Each Monday, Wednesday, and Friday morning I woke up with the notion of perhaps faking sick, or somehow skipping class Just to avoid my encounte r with the monster. I never went along with any of my nutty schemes.I went to class preparing myself to be confused for an hour. Every homework assignment was turned in on time but each problem was as wrong as two left feet. Sitting in class waiting tor homework and quizzes to be returned was an anxious, nerve racking feeling. My heart would beat nearly out of my chest, then sink to my feet once I saw that ugly, ugly red â€Å"F† or â€Å"D. † this feeling was not a new one by any means. Can you say da Ja vu? Where had I felt this feeling or been in this predicament before, only in every math class I'd ever taken that's where. The concept of studying math was still foreign to me.Attempting homework assignments were troubling enough. Minutes turned into hours Just to complete them. Flipping of magazine pages, reading of novels, and munching on snacks stole a lot of my time. Distraction mixed with frustration is never a good recipe for doing math homework. Each chapter h ad gotten more complex as well as each quiz did. I remember taking our end of the term final. Every chapter beginning from one through seven was on the final. Problems from each chapter and section where going to be on the exam. I had worked what I thought was to be hard to ensure my passing of the exam.Staying up late into the ee hours of the morning looking over notes and trying Oh so desperately to memorize formulas was my version of studying. On the last day of class the exam was issued. I was extremely nervous and anxious to flip what seemed to be never ending pages of the exam. My hands were sweaty with each turn. As I peeked through each problem my heart beat like a marching band drum. For I couldn't remember how to solve the majority of the problems, devastation swept across me. As I would solve each problem my mind would mix and transfer the ways and steps to execute each problem. Another failing math grade is what I received.A dissatisfying letter grade of a â€Å"D† stuck out like a sore thumb on my attractive report card of â€Å"A's† and â€Å"B's. I believe the problem began when I was in the 8th grade. I was taking pre algebra. I had a teacher that gave me an undeserving passing grade. Each day she taught the class was noisy, and out of control. Talkative students gagged and gossiped about fashion, what gross slop for lunch was served, and who was dating who. I too at times had a listening ear towards the conversations, but for the majority of each class I tried firecly to pay attention. Homework was never turned in nor checked for ccuracy.The students ran the class, coming and going as they pleased. The instructor, Ms. Armstrong was Just an merely adult that was invisible. She gave me passing grade of a â€Å"B. † why she did such I will never know. Perhaps she passed my peers and I so we would not have to repeat her course, and she could kiss us goodbye for a last and final time. I recollect the class being a free period, perhaps another lunch break one might say. My ignorance of pre algebra molded my failing future in math. Not knowing the basics made the concepts in high school and even college challenging to attempt and understand.It is like the old saying; you can't know where you're going if you don't know where youVe been. In this occurrence the past information was vital to my future success in math. I never developed nor was shown the key elements as a tot how to be successful in math. I never took tutoring seriously; no one could get through to me to make my understanding clear. I had tutor after tutor and with each my knowledge of math remained the same; dark and dreary. My first passing math grade set me back. My happiness of the beautiful â€Å"B† was only a fapde. I wish today that the tools and knowledge of math would have been instilled in me.The act ot studying math is real, tor it is not Just numbers, but it is tn memorization and constant practice of applying formulas and us ing the concepts in the daily world. Till this day I long to complete a math problem correctly. I still walk into class Just the same as I did as a girl; scared, nervous and begrudging sitting for an hour learning and listening about numbers mixed with letters and crazy symbols. As a young adult in college I am still currently failing math! I am determined to change my lifelong struggle with math. I have three resolutions to passing my mouth course. The first consist of seeing my professor for office hours.I will see him three times a week, for a hour if possible. I will come to the designated office hours with detailed questions on my notes. I will review my notes before seeing my professor and high light any and all problems that brought confusion. I will also ask for him to create new mountains of problems for me to climb. After successfully completing three problems in a row I will go and complete any homework that is assigned. My second resolution will be to complete any homewo rk that is assigned on the day that it is given; in doing so I will have the newly material fresh in my memory, making the ssignment more easily to attempt.This strategy will also save time. I will not have to flip through notes nor my text book as a reference on how to solve problems. My third resolution is to begin to voice my confusion while in class. I will no longer sit bewildered, lost, and frustrated. I will change my attitude into optimism. If I can conceive a thought, I can make it happen. No longer will I think negatively or begrudgingly but I will embrace the opportunity of learning a new concept and mastering it. At the sight of a problem that is unclear to me I will immediately raise y hand and ask for clarification.Leaving class with an understanding of what occurred will also lead to my success in completing homework and conquering my fear of Goliath the math subject. My failing of math deceases here with my three strategies. My new attitude and optimistic thinking wi ll further aid in my success of receiving a passing grade in math. Meeting with my professor consistently three times a week for a hour, voicing my confusion while in class and lastly completing my homework assignments on the day given will result in an â€Å"A† letter grade that I have always longed for.

Mass Media: Sending Out the Wrong Messages Essay

Do the names, Snooki, D.J. Pauly D, The Situation, or J-Woww, ring a bell? What about the famous sayings, â€Å"grenade whistle,† â€Å"G.T.L,† or â€Å"Jersday,† now is it making more sense? MTV’s hit reality show, Jersey Shore, has coined these terms and has become a worldwide phenomenon. The cast of Jersey Shore started out as typical teenagers living their typical lifestyles. Before the reality show premiered, some of the cast woke up everyday to their monotonous jobs, while others attended college. These eight teenagers never knew that by starring in this one television show, their lives would never be the same. Jersey Shore follows eight hardcore Italians, four guys and four girls, who spend their summer months together. Instead of living like there is no tomorrow, these roommates party like there is no tomorrow! Everyday when they wake up, they get their â€Å"G.T.L† on, which means Gym, Tan, and Laundry. At night, they get completely drunk, go to the bars, and see how many guys/girls they can bring back home. Then, they wake up and do it all over again the next day. This does not sound like a normal, healthy lifestyle that these eight roommates are living now, does it? Unfortunately, these eight cast members have become idolized by young and old viewers all around the world. MTV obviously does not believe in censorship, and Jersey Shore’s lifestyle of alcohol and sexuality is being portrayed positively in society. People worship every little move the Jersey Shore makes. Advertisers are using the cast to promote their products because of how influential these eight roommates have become. Even as we speak, on television, Ron promotes a particular weight loss substance and Snooki promotes a certain brand of cashews. These partiers are setting negative trends in society because the large consumption of alcohol and sexual actions made these eight people known all over the world. By partying all day, everyday, these people went from driving Honda Civics to Range Rovers and Mercedes-Benz. This popular television show is sending out the wrong message to viewers and making idols out of the wrong people. It just goes to show how much of an impact the media can have on society. The media has an even bigger impact on the younger generation. Media has expanded from newspapers to the radio, the television, the Internet, cell phones, and gaming devices. Schools are even using media now, more than ever before. Granted, the media is an excellent way of educating our children. However, that education can only be positive to a certain extent. The media is no longer just a part of our society; this technology has taken over our world. Children are completely immersed in the media today, and parents and guardians should regulate how much time their child is spending with any type of media. A child’s brain is not fully developed until he or she is in their twenties. If children are being exposed to drugs, sex, and alcohol through the media, how can we expect children to have the knowledge of deciphering for themselves not to engage in those certain activities? It would be especially hard for those children whose parents are absent in their lives, and for those whom have parents engaged in the drug and alcohol lifestyle. There is absolutely no way for the children to know between right and wrong. Rather than parents educating their children about sex, the media is certainly doing it for them. Ideas of sex are frequently discussed in magazines, songs, television shows, the news, and movies. Jane Brown, a professor at the School of Journalism and Mass Media at the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, reported â€Å"The word sex is the most popular search term used on the Internet today.† Also, according to Brown, magazines, such as Seventeen, promote the idea that sex is a tactic for girls to keep their boyfriends. â€Å"Only about one in ten of the programs on television that include sexual content mentions the possible consequences or the need to use contraceptives or protection against STDs. Unintended pregnancies rarely are shown as the outcome of unprotected sex, and STDs other than HIV/AIDS are almost never discussed† (Brown, Jane). No wonder the teen pregnancy rate is so high today! As in the Jersey Shore, it is their hobby to see how many people that they can have sex with. If the person that they are pursuing acts like they are not interested in having sex, the cast wants nothing to do with them and moves on to the next person. These people are the kinds of people that the younger generation has to look up to, which could be troublesome for the future of America. According to Children Now, a nonpartisan research and advocacy organization, â€Å"Children spend more time with media than any other activity, except for sleeping.† Rather than engaging in physical activity after school or on the weekends, children are more engaged in watching the television or playing their video game. Manali Oak, an author from Buzzle.com, observes â€Å"Children, who should invest their time in reading good books, studying, playing outdoors, exercising and engaging in social activities, today, spend their evenings glued to the television.† Although Manali Oak does not have a doctorate in this area, she does have a valid point. What happened to the idea of getting up and physically playing football being fun for teenagers, rather than sitting on the couch and playing football on the X-Box? Being so inactive leads to the increase of obesity in America. Another weight problem that America faces is anorexia. The media portrays the idea that successful and attractive people are the thinnest. There are millions of people, both young and old, who are currently battling obesity, but they are also being exposed to junk food advertisements. At the same time, there are other people out there, especially women, who are obsessed with the idea that they are overweight, when in reality, they aren’t. The media makes idols out of super models and thin celebrities, causing millions of people to suffer from eating disorders. Little girls are given Barbie dolls to play with and idolize. Thus, even at a young age, girls are being misled to a certain body image that is unrealistic. Rayuso, an author from the online article database HubPages.com, emphasizes this point by stating: â€Å"Young people are in a stage of life where they want to be accepted by their peers, they want to be loved and be successful. The media creates the ideal image of a beautiful men and women and tells you what are the characteristics of a successful person, you can see it in movies and tv. It’s a subliminal way to tell you that if you are not like them you are not cool yet so its time to buy the stuff they buy and look like they look.† The media has such a large impact on society that it even affects us in the way we perceive ourselves. Still, the media has the potential to influence the society in a positive way. Rayuso proposes the idea that if the media created advertisements that encourage children to get active, and used celebrities like they do to promote certain products; children would pay attention and actually get active. â€Å"If there is a sport that is getting a lot of attention by the media and gains popularity among your friends and society, you will more likely want to practice the sport and be cool with all your friends† (Rayuso). The media knows how to manipulate its audience in order to get its desired result, which is definitely not a good thing. This is why companies use celebrities to advertise their products; humans are so predictable. If we see our favorite celebrity on the television talking about how wonderful a product is, then we will more than likely go out and buy it, versus if there was some random person promoting it. Because of the popularity from Jersey Shore, reality star Ron advertises a certain weight loss substance, Xenadrine, and Snooki promotes â€Å"Wonderful Pistachios.† Of course the commercials only discuss how awesome the product is, and it only flashes the negative side effects in really fine print at the end. Robert Sylwester, a specialist in the brain/stress theory at the University of Oregon, confirms â€Å"Common examples are political promises to increase services and reduce taxes, ads that indicate that a product is improved but don’t say over what, TV drug com mercials that begin with clearly promised positive results, but end with a rapid incomprehensible listing of the dangers associated with the medicine, the televised equivalent of the small print in a contract or print ad.† With this said, the media influences our perception of reality. What viewers fail to realize is that the media is only concerned with making money. In fact, they will do whatever it takes to make that money. The only way we receive news is from the media. The television in the living room, the newspaper in the mailbox, the computer in the office, and the radio in the car are just a few forms of mass communication that keep us informed about our world. Yes, this is wonderful because without the media, we would not be aware of anything going on around us. The negative aspect of this is that the media changes stories around to the way that they want to portray them. If a story is not ‘juicy’ enough, or if there is not enough conflict, the broadcasters will change the story into something that will keep the viewers coming back for more. Jennifer Akin, a research assistant at the University of Colorado, acknowledges, â€Å"Events in the larger community, the state, the country, and the rest of the world are experienced through the eyes o f a journalist. Not only do the media report the news, they create the news by deciding what to report.† Viewers always believe what the media tells us, never questioning how much of it is actually true. The media could report â€Å"Pigs are now flying in Pennsylvania,† and just like in any other media-covered situation, we would believe them and go on with our lives. We are often unaware of how much the media truly impacts our lives. The younger generation is at an even higher risk of the media negatively impacting their lives than anyone else. It is so disgusting and disappointing that children are growing up in a society where sex, drugs, and alcohol are encouraged. What is on television that is discouraging these activities? Jersey Shore started out as eight ordinary people, but their party lifestyle made them famous. By setting this example, how can we expect the young generation to know the difference in acceptable and unacceptable? The children of today are the future of tomorrow. Do we find comfort in knowing that one day, our country is going to be led by people who grew up in such a backwards, messed up society? Not only does the media lack censorship, but it also manipulates us in every possible way. The media gets us to behave exactly how they want, using our idols to tempt us. We believe whatever we read and hear from the media, which makes us the gullible audience that the media thrives off of. Wouldn’t it be safe to say that the media takes advantage of viewers? The only person to blame for this is our self. Viewers should stop being so dependent of the media. Who is to say what the ideal body image is, or what type of products we should use? That is our own decision and our own sense of independence. The media has negatively impacted our society, and we have to find it within ourselves to stop letting the media make our decisions for us!